Changes of the Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Soil Influenced and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (%ESP)

Sodic soil is one of the most common problems of limiting agricultural production that related on irrigation. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is one of hydrodynamic characteristics in evaluating transmission flow through underground levels. To investigate the role of increment of exchangeable sodium in hydraulic conductivity changes (as characterized by the mobility of water in soil) an experiment in the form of completely randomized design with 3 treatments (ESP= 0,10 and 20%), three types of soil (sandy loam, loam, clay) performed and in four replicates. At the ESP=10%, Ks of sandy loam is maximum value in all of these soils, Because the increasing exchangeable sodium levels by 10 percent CEC causes soil and increasing pores. Then, that can be concluded that optimum increase in amount of salt provides the best condition for water flowing. The sandy loam reacted better to increasing of ESP. Hydraulic conductivity has the highest value for a sandy loam soil in ESP =10% and this effect is greater than the other two soils. In ESP=10%, The highest increase in hydraulic conductivity was observed for clay soil compared to the initial conditions in ESP=10% and for sandy Loam in ESP=10%. Loam soil are less sensitive to increased %ESP Levels.